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The main signs of sinusitis in children: symptoms and treatment

Sinusitis is a serious disease, especially need to know the signs of sinusitis in children. It is very important to ensure timely patient treatment to prevent possible complications and ensure full recovery of the child.

problema gajmorita u detej

According to experts, sinusitis is an inflammation of the mucous layer of the maxillary (maxillary) sinuses, which occurs as a result of running cold. As a rule, small children older than 3 years is found with bilateral nasal because of the specificity of the anatomical structure of these sinuses and the nasal cavity.

It is also worth noting that the disease often develops in autumn and winter and occurs in both acute and in the chronic form. This is due to the fact that children of preschool and school age are still immature immune system of the body that are easily exposed to various viruses and bacteria.

Sinusitis in children: causes of disease

simptomy gajmorita

Sinusitis can occur in acute and chronic form. The doctors most often diagnosed in children, acute sinusitis, developing as a complication of acute or allergic rhinitis, infectious and viral diseases such as SARS, influenza, measles, scarlet fever, and on the background of diseases of the mouth and teeth.

With regard to chronic forms, it develops when acute inflammation was not cured till the end. Do not forget that the disease can become chronic if there is even a slight deviated septum and anatomic features of the maxillary sinuses.

The main symptoms of the disease

To prescribe the correct treatment of the disease, you must know the main types and symptoms of sinusitis in children. Depending on the causes of the following types of sinusitis:

  • rhinogenous (occurs in the background rhinitis);
  • gametogeny (has the infectious nature of occurrence);
  • odontogenic (develops on the background of diseases of the teeth);
  • traumatic.

To make a correct diagnosis, physicians pay attention to the typical symptoms of sinusitis, which are certainly parents need to know:

osmotr vracha pri gajmorite u rebenka

  • shortness of nasal breathing and nasal congestion that with one, on the other hand;
  • the presence of abundant mucous or Muco-purulent discharge from the nose, after bismarckiana which the child feels practically no relief;
  • headache that gives to the area of the nose, the frontal lobe of the head, teeth and enhancedwith a slight cough, turns or tilts head;
  • decreased sense of smell;
  • the development of intoxication syndrome (in a patient child has a fever, the temperature rises, there is lethargy, reduced appetite and disturbed sleep);
  • a runny nose does not stop within 5-7 days.
  • with slight pressure on the area of the maxillary sinuses, the child feels pain.

The development of sinusitis are very similar to other types of sinusitis, as a result of exposure to bacteria, viruses and allergens there is swelling of the maxillary sinus, narrowing its lumen and, consequently, a violation of motor activity of the cilia located on the mucous membrane of the sinus. This leads to accumulation of mucus in the sinuses, clogged vents and restricted air access.

Diagnosis of sinusitis: what you should pay attention to?

Common cold sinusitis differs from that observed when it is two-way rather than alternating nasal congestion.

promyvanie nosa pri gajmorite u rebenkaFor children is characterized by dull pain and blockage of the sinuses, increased body temperature even on the 7th day of the disease. And purulent nasal discharge for more than 5 days require immediate treatment to the local doctor.

To diagnose sinusitis is assigned a radiography of the paranasal sinuses, where the picture will be visible signs of inflammation of the maxillary sinuses in the form of special white dimmable. However, in young children the x-ray is not always informative, since such dimming can indicate the presence of common cold. Therefore, the doctor may refer the child to diaphanoscopy (x-ray of the paranasal sinuses light).

The most reliable diagnostic methods for detection of such inflammation include puncture of the maxillary sinus, but the procedure is indicated only in extreme cases, as possible complications after the conference (inflammation or abscess of the orbit, emphysema of the cheeks or blockage of blood vessels). Upon the slightest suspicion of odontogenic form is carried out a CT scan of the sinuses.

Treatment of sinusitis in children

To finally diagnose sinusitis in a child must take into account all the symptoms of the disease, data of General blood analysis and the results of instrumental examination.

In the catarrhal form of sinusitis in children treatment is quick and is aimed at eliminating the edema of the nasal mucosa, improving the drainage of pus and mucus from the paranasal sinuses. Then remains only to remove the cause of the inflammation.

For a comprehensive treatment of all types of disease include:

  • lavage of the nasal cavity and maxillary sinuses withto remove accumulated mucus, reduce swelling and alleviate the overall condition of the body;
  • medical treatment with antibiotics (amoxicillin, penicillin, Augmentin), antihistamines, drops or sprays in the nose (to the nearest drugstore, only, izofra) and physiotherapy (for example, microwaves, UHF, inhalation);
  • surgical treatment involves puncture of the maxillary sinus with removal of pus from it and the introduction of anti-inflammatory drugs;
  • special breathing exercises and massage in the period of the stage of resorption.

On average, the treatment of acute sinusitis in children take 1-2 weeks, and the treatment of the chronic form can last more than 3 weeks. It is worth noting that treatment for chronic sinusitis are aimed at preventing new exacerbations of the disease. We cannot allow any such deadly complications like serous or purulent meningitis, brain abscess and meningoencephalitis.

Prevention of sinusitis

The best prevention is prevention of disease, quick diagnosis and timely treatment of major infectious and viral diseases. Plays an important role strengthening the immune system through hardening, good nutrition, vitamins and long walks in the fresh air. We should not forget about eliminating all kinds of factors (enlarged adenoids and a deviated nasal septum).