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Do you need a vaccination against pneumonia?

Today, vaccination against pneumonia is required for vaccination of children in the Russian Federation. She was included in the list of scheduled vaccination from 1 January 2014 to prevent the spread of dangerous to life and health of pneumococcal infection. One of the most serious diseases of the lungs, often leading to death is pneumonia, caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. This inflammation of the respiratory system is developing rapidly during incubation period from 1 to 3 days, and the source of infection may not have symptoms of the disease. The infection is transmitted by airborne droplets, and if it enters the lungs, it causes pneumonia, but possibly the development of other diseases (depending on which organ is infected with).

problema vozniknoveniya pnevmanii

Pneumococci may be responsible for meningitis, inflammation of the inner lining of the heart, ear infections, possible cases of sepsis (inflammation blood).

Not yet developed an adequate scheme of treatment of pneumonia caused by pneumococcal infection. The germs are constantly evolyutsioniruet and become resistant to antibacterial therapy. The disease develops very quickly, so the possible death of the patient because of severe respiratory failure. Doctors believe that the way out of this situation only one: it is timely vaccination of the population.

Risk of the disease pneumococcal pneumonia

pnevmokokki - chastye vozbuditeli pnevmaniiAre the most susceptible to the infection of small children under 2 years, especially for weak or premature. And the younger the baby, the more dangerous for him, pneumococcal infection, because his immune system is not strong. The second risk group includes older people (60+). Sometimes pneumococcal pneumonia can recover the whole family: first the kid gets sick, then infected grandmother (grandfather), and then maybe the malaise in the parents. From this insidious disease no one is immune.

It is strongly recommended vaccination against pneumonia children of the following categories:

  • premature infants;
  • children transferred to artificial feeding;
  • children undergoing resuscitation;
  • children enrolled in kindergartens;
  • children from large families;
  • weakened children who were lagging behind with any neurological disorder;
  • children suffering from diabetes;
  • children with heart diseases, chronic kidney and respiratory system;
  • children with immunodeficient conditions.

pneumonia">Also some categories of adults are encouraged to contact the medical facility and supply vaccine for pneumococcal disease. Especially in need:

  1. Patients with diabetes mellitus.
  2. Chronic smokers and persons who abuse alcohol.
  3. People older than 60 years.
  4. People with weakened immune systems.
  5. People with chronic cardiovascular and pulmonary disease patients.

Types of vaccines for pneumonia

The most common types of vaccines in Russia is presented in three variants:

  1. Powder drug ACT-Hib.
  2. Suspension for intramuscular injection Prevenar.
  3. Drug Pneumo 23.

First time vaccination is the baby to 3 months, then 4.5 months, then six months, and the last vaccination done in 1.5 years.

vozrast rebenka pri naznachenii privivokThe large spread in the Russian Federation received the vaccine Prevenar. You can put babies from 2 months of age. As a result of vaccinations children receive immune protection against streptococcal infection in the first years of life, at a time when it is especially dangerous interaction with the pathogen. The vaccine can be put simultaneously with other vaccines, with the exception of vaccination against tuberculosis. If the baby will become infected with pneumococcus, despite vaccination, the disease will flow easier, without complications and health effects.

Drug Pneumo 23, you can put kids with only 2 years of age, the downside is that the baby is vulnerable to infection in the most dangerous period of life. But in adults this vaccine fits perfectly, because the drug is momentary, needs no introduction of course and this creates immunity to infection for 5 years. Another significant indication for the use of this vaccine is that, if a person suffered pneumonia before, it is not a contraindication to vaccination, and will be the prevention of relapse of the disease.

In most countries of Europe was precisely this vaccine. The doctors are very convenient to use due to its packaging: the drug is placed in a disposable syringe, the dosage of the vaccine for any age group one - 0.5 ml.

povyshenie temperatury posle privivkiPowder ACT-Hib is suitable for children aged 3 months. Compared to other vaccines this drug has a huge advantage: it creates an immune protection not only from pneumonia but also from many other diseases. This vaccine protects your child against meningitis, pneumonia and joints, sepsis, etc.

The vaccination schedule depends on the agechild.

Child under the age of 6 months are 3 injections with an interval of 1-2 months and another one a year later (after third injection). If your child from 6 months to a year, he put only 2 injections at monthly intervals. The last vaccination is done to the child in 1,5 years. Children from one year to 5 years, only one vaccine to create immunity.

Reaction to vaccinations and possible complications

A reaction to the vaccine for pneumococcus does not have any differences from the standard reaction of the organism to vaccination. After the injection for 2-3 days can be the following symptoms that are particularly noticeable in children:

  1. At the injection site may occur with slight induration, redness, a child can comb this place and complain of pain.
  2. Sometimes maybe a slight increase in body temperature.
  3. Baby may lose appetite, suddenly start to act up, complain of fatigue, possible drowsiness or, conversely, irritability and difficulty falling asleep.

All these symptoms are a reaction to the vaccine you just need to wait, they are non-hazardous to health and are alone during the day. Fever is extremely rare (statistically, 1 child out of 100).

With increasing temperature more than 38° C may receive antipyretic drugs, it will not affect the effectiveness of the drug. In a bad mood baby, the appearance of nervousness, it is important to protect the child from being too active sessions, to calm him, and try to arrange a NAP for a few hours.

In the case when the above symptoms persist for more than a day and the child's condition worsens, you must consult a doctor.

Contraindications to vaccination

osmotr pediatra posle privivkiThe vaccine for pneumonia is well tolerated by the organism and has very few contraindications. The doctors can hope for is to postpone the vaccination at a later time until a more favorable situation for vaccination. Contraindications are:

  1. Allergic hypersensitivity to a component of the drug. It is very rare and is grounds for cancellation of the subsequent course of vaccinations.
  2. Acute respiratory infections and influenza.
  3. Chronic disease in the acute stage.
  4. The baby's body temperature over 37° C.

Possible complications after vaccination

Before the first injection of vaccine, the doctors always conduct a thorough examination of the baby, monitor the course of chronic diseases, measure the temperature (it should not be increased), carefully interview the parents about the health of the little patient and possible allergic reactions.

Thus, complications after vaccination arevery rarely, the fault is either the failure to comply with medical norms, or severe allergic reaction to vaccine the baby.

Possible complications:

  1. Acute immune system reaction to vaccine components (so-called Quincke's edema, which requires immediate medical intervention and life-threatening patient).
  2. Worsening of chronic diseases.
  3. The deterioration of the child at the existing acute infection.

It's the most terrible consequences that may occur after vaccination. However, they are extremely rare, and most of them can be prevented, the contraindications to vaccination.