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Types and symptoms of bronchitis

Bronchitis is the disease in which the inflamed mucosa of the bronchi. Types of bronchitis are different in etiology and causes.

problema bronhita

To provoke the disease can a variety of factors, but the main is the reduction of immunity. If the body's weak immune system, even a minor infection can lead to disease.

Some people develop one-sided bronchitis, but mostly marvel at all the bronchi.

Varieties of bronchitis

The development of the disease bronchitis are primary and secondary. The primary form occurs as an independent disease, the inflammation does not extend further, it remains in the bronchi.

The secondary form occurs as an additional manifestation on the background of already present disease.

Acute and chronic bronchitis

ostryj bronhitAcute bronchitis can have different causes of origin:

  • viral, bacterial, viral-bacterial infection;
  • non-infectious factors (effects on the body chemicals and other physical agents, allergens);
  • confounding factors (within the body of the infection and the effect of physico-chemicals).

To inflammation can occur in different parts of the bronchial tubes, so you can bronchitis be divided into the following forms:

  • tracheobronchitis;
  • along with;
  • bronchitis that affects the bronchi and medium caliber.

pnevmoniyaAlthough today the disease can be cured without problems when incorrectly assigned to the treatment or due to self-healing can occur not only pneumonia, and chronic bronchitis.

Important role in the occurrence of chronic forms of play pollutants - substances contained in the inhaled air. They have a different chemical structure and have a negative effect, irritating the bronchial mucosa. The first place is tobacco smoke, that is why almost every smoker's chronic bronchitis is present.

Is it possible to treat bronchitis yourself

obrashenie k vrachu pri bronhiteRegardless of what kind diagnosed with bronchitis, the treatment of the disease should be under the supervision of a doctor, better to do it in a hospital, because the illness is fraught with serious health problems. Pneumonia, which can occur as a consequence of untreated bronchitis, as you know, in some cases, ends in death or heart complications.

Many people involved inself-treatment of bronchitis, suffer from further chronic bronchial asthma. Therefore, when the first symptoms should consult a doctor. In addition, the bronchitis may have different etiology, to identify which self is simply impossible. You need to know which antibiotics need to pick up to kill a particular virus or bacteria which caused the bronchitis.

Catarrhal bronchitis

This type is the advanced form of the disease. This almost always ends with bronchitis chronic form. It is characterized by abundant mucus secretion, but the absence of processes of destruction. If there is one, but the main reason why a disease occurs, it is the wrong treatment, and even the common cold. The disease can also occur in smokers, people living in unsanitary conditions, from the cold and if a person is in contact with the patient.

mokrota pri kataralnom i gnojnom bronhiteThe main symptoms include a strong, deep, shrill cough, accompanied by sputum, fever, weakness, sweating. When the disease is at an early stage, the cough may be mild, but after 2-3 days it is getting worse. If within 2 weeks not to undertake the necessary treatment, the disease modificeres in the chronic form, which is virtually untreatable.

For the treatment of catarrhal bronchitis, doctors use antibiotics, physiotherapy. The key to success is to stay in bed, drink plenty and perform all prescriptions of the doctor.

Chlamydial bronchitis

It occurs on the background of those present in the body of microorganisms of the genus chlamydia (Chlamydia pneumoniae). The consequences of this type of disease - obstructive bronchitis and bronchial asthma. In most cases of chlamydial bronchitis sick children. It should be noted that to detect this form of the disease is possible only in laboratory conditions. During analysis to detect antibodies to the chlamydia (DNA or microorganisms) in the blood of the sick person.

virus hlamidiiThe main symptoms include the appearance of recurrent dry cough, which in some cases is accompanied by breathlessness, shortness of breath, inflamed throat. Too high temperature is not typical for this type of bronchitis (37,5-38°C). Prolonged untreated bronchitis chlamydial type is characterized by a paroxysmal and a wet cough. If you do not appeal on time to the hospital, develops chlamydial pneumonia.

For the treatment of such types of bronchitis doctors use macrolides, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines.

Infectious and toxic bronchitis

His second name - bronchitisobliterans, it is a simple form that flows easily and almost always ends with an absolute recovery. Risk group - the elderly and those with present cardiovascular disease.

Disease bronchitis obliterans is manifested by runny nose, fatigue, chills due to the increase in body temperature, pain in muscles, inflammation of pharynx, dry cough (in the early days), followed by wet. Sputum may be white, yellow or green tint. In that case, if the disease is started, the Airways constrict, therefore there is a wheeze. If you do not start timely treatment, can develop pneumonia. The disease most often occurs in the winter due to viruses and pathogenic bacteria.

Depending on what bacteria or viruses are caused by infectious bronchitis, prescribe a course of antibiotics, physiotherapy.

The toxic form of bronchitis is a very common disease that is caused by a lesion of the mucous membrane chemicals, poisons. What will be the degree of the damage depends on how deeply toxic substances get into the bronchi (can develop root bronchitis). The first symptoms appear immediately after starts acting poison. This disease is manifested by unproductive cough, aches and sore throat, a burning sensation in the chest. Its distinctive features are the occurrence of epiphora, photophobia, cyanosis of the skin. Breathing becomes hard, the next day after the defeat of the cough increases, there is buzzing and hissing wheeze, and after coughing, a person observed tachypneic to 30 breaths per minute. The impression is that the patient can not breathe. In some cases, there may be pathological changes of the cardiovascular system, tachycardia or vascular crises. If intoxication is light, healing occurs in 3-4 weeks.

The toxic feature of inflammation is that can be quite serious and deep lesions of the bronchial tree, thus developing endobronchitis, parabronchi. It is for this reason develops toxic pulmonary fibrosis or pulmonary fibrosis.

Sometimes to toxic bronchitis can join infection. These changes, in almost all cases lead to the fact that the bronchitis becomes chronic.

Treatment toxic bronchitis need to start from the first day of defeat to continue to suffer lifelong chronic form.

Spastic, congestive, and deforming bronchitis

Spastic bronchitis is characteristic for children's age. The fact that in children the bronchial Lumina are narrowed much more than adults. Sothe mucosa can swell and shred the slime. For this reason, there is airway obstruction.

The disease appears mainly due to viruses that enter the body of children. The patient has shortness of breath, wheezing at the time when he exhales the air, cough, skin is pale, sometimes there is the appearance of cyanosis. Typical spastic bronchitis increased body temperature, increased heart rate and General weakness.

stadii bronhitaThe most unpleasant - when the disease affects the bronchi of the infants, because they cannot talk about their feelings. So at the first signs, especially if the cough in the newborn whistling and strong, you must immediately go to the hospital.

Fraught with this type of bronchitis emphysema that occurs in that case, if there is no proper treatment of spastic bronchitis.

Treatment aims to relieve spasms and destroy as quickly as possible infection that triggered the inflammatory process. For this purpose, bronchodilators, antihistamines, sedative drugs. Mandatory bed rest. After inpatient treatment is recommended in a Spa experience.

Congestive bronchitis occurs due to heart failure. The liquid is not only in the region of the bronchi, but in the intermediate tissue, the alveoli. The disease can occur without overt symptoms, and, conversely, with pronounced. The person may complain of cough, but other pathological changes are observed. In some patients, cough is absent, and when listening there was a clear dry rales. Some breathing becomes heavy because develops swelling of the lung tissue. During cough sputum must be allocated with a yellowish clots. In the stagnant phlegm in bronchitis there is a high content of protein molecules. It is on this basis of laboratory determined this type of bronchitis.

priem otharkivaushih mokrotu sredstvTreatment of congestive bronchitis performed only in stationary conditions, because the attacks of acute heart failure can recur.

Deforming form of bronchitis (destructive) is a diffuse and progressive loss of the bronchi (diffuse bronchitis). The disease occurs on the background of allergies. While there bronhospasticescoe attacks. The cough is accompanied by phlegm. This type of bronchitis is almost always chronic. The treatment is carried out only under the supervision of a specialist.

This disease can be inherited, so if in the family there were cases of the disease, children are at risk.Treatment of deforming bronchitis involves the elimination of the inflammatory process, normalization of bronchial obstruction.

Professional and Terry bronchitis

Professional dust bronchitis is also called. This form auru does not occur due to viruses and bacteria, and as a consequence the mechanical and chemical effects of substances contained in the air. Professional kind of bronchitis is chronic disease. Most often this type of bronchitis sick miners, metallurgists, chemists, hairdressers. Divided this form of the disease on the dust and toxic dust (if the dust contains poisonous substances deposited on the epithelium, which lined the bronchi).

Symptoms: dry cough, almost not accompanied by mucus, breathing becomes heavy, audible wheezing, whistles. The disease has several degrees of severity. The disease can occur with attacks occurring several times a year.

The treatment of this type of bronchitis is long and is aimed at addressing the gaps narrowing of the bronchi and the relief of spasmodic cough.

Terry bronchitis in addition to cough has features such as tingling and itching on the skin, a feeling of tightness in the chest, pain in the cardiac region. Then there are wheezing, pain in the lumbar region and abdomen.