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What is allergic vasomotor rhinitis?

Allergic vasomotor rhinitis is a fairly common disease. At first glance it seems simple and harmless, but in reality, this disease is quite serious and requires proper treatment. How to recognize it?

problema allergicheskogo vazomotornogo rinita

Congestion and swelling of the nose, shortness of breath are common symptoms may be the first signs of vasomotor rhinitis. However, other types of runny nose it is characterized by sudden onset, pristupoobraznoe, the presence of a certain starting factor.

The causes of this rhinitis can be different and often remain unknown. For example, this disease can be caused by various adverse factors, spicy food, stress, hormonal disorders, dystonia, viral infection, use of certain medicines, and allergic reaction.

The main symptom of allergic vasomotor rhinitis – presence of the allergen. In case of contact with the nasal mucosa there is an immediate reaction of our organism to a stimulus.

The allergic form of vasomotor rhinitis

vazomotornyj i allergicheskij rinit

Vasomotor allergic rhinitis may be seasonal or permanent (year-round). Rarely to these two forms add a professional allergic rhinitis.

A seasonal form of allergic rhinitis is commonly associated with flowering plants, and the allergen in this case is pollen. Therefore, spring and summer, during flowering, the disease becomes aggravated, is shown in full force every year. By survey, you can set what kind of plant it provokes allergic reactions. Multiple and duration of seasonal form, which is accompanied by disorders of the nasopharynx, sometimes leads to to a chronic.

Prolonged contact with the allergen can talk about a permanent or so-called year-round form of the disease. For example, animal dander, dust mites, cosmetics, mold, cleaning supplies, some medications can be strong household allergens. This form is characterized by a chronic course with exacerbations.

The mechanism of development of allergic rhinitis vasomotor

shema rinita

Our nose is designed to prevent harmful effects on the body of foreign particles settling on the mucosa of the nasopharynx, through the protective system, they are removed from the respiratory tract in about 20 minutes.

However, moleculesallergens get into the body quickly, just one minute they are absorbed into the bloodstream, interacting with allergic antibodies, causing an instant reaction. Biologically active substances released as a result of this response, expand the blood vessels and increase their permeability, resulting in mucosal edema, congestion, sneezing and other unpleasant symptoms.

Symptoms of the disease

There are several main symptoms of allergic vasomotor rhinitis:

usilennoe chihanie - simptom allergicheskogo vazomotornogo rinita

  • increased sneezing;
  • sudden profuse watery discharge from the nose;
  • itching, burning, tickling in the nose;
  • shortness of nasal breathing.

These symptoms almost always accompany the disease. They can be expressed as vividly and weak. Along with the main symptoms may experience extra. These include:

  • headaches;
  • watery eyes;
  • sleep disturbance;
  • the deterioration of the sense of smell;
  • General weakness, fatigue;
  • redness of the conjunctiva of the eye;
  • itching;
  • noise in the ears.

These symptoms in seasonal form of the disease are expressed with a precise periodicity, seasonality, in a permanent form they differ paroxysmal over in the period of exacerbation.

Sometimes the vasomotor rhinitis is accompanied by the occurrence polyps in the ethmoid sinuses.

The treatment of the disease

konsultaciya vracha

Cure vasomotor allergic rhinitis – not an easy task, but don't despair. Most importantly – find a good doctor and be patient. Self-medicate in any case do not. Sometimes we think it's a simple cold, and buying the drops in the nose, we think that the problem is solved, but it is not so. Improper treatment and delayed treatment to the doctor may lead to serious complications.

This disease requires a comprehensive professional approach, which includes:

  • individual protection of the patient from contact with an allergen;
  • specific immunotherapy;
  • nonspecific hyposensitization;
  • surgery;
  • therapy with corticosteroids;
  • reflexology.

In allergic rhinitis the elimination of the allergen is the most important, for example, if it is pollen, the flowering period can be recommended to the patient if possible to change the climatic region, with a sensitivity to household allergens it is recommended to use air purifiers, special filters, to do wet cleaning every day, to exclude from the interior softtoys and carpets.

If the allergen causing the disease is precisely defined in the survey, then apply specific immunotherapy. It consists in generating immunity to the allergen. In the body (usually subcutaneously) is injected slowly increasing the dose of a substance causing an allergic reaction, causing the body begins to produce to him protective antibodies. The body there is immunity that contributes to a significant relief of symptoms or even complete disappearance. Such therapy is carried out only in remission of the disease. For a sustainable result should be performed at least three courses. However, this treatment does not apply if the allergen is not installed. With a combination of several allergens is less effective, as well as in advanced cases.

In nonspecific desensitization includes medical therapies aimed at eliminating Allergy symptoms.

These include various antihistamines:

  • oral use;
  • 1st generation (suprastin, tavegil, diazolin, etc.);
  • 2nd generation (claritin, hismanal, zyrtec, clerical, etc.);
  • local action (histime, allergodil, are recommended only in mild form of the disease).

klaridol pri lechenii allergicheskogo vazomotornogo rinita

Corticosteroid drugs, such as flixonase, rhinocort, aldecin (almost four years, beclometason) show high efficiency in the treatment of vasomotor allergic rhinitis in a moderate form, when the main symptom is the nasal congestion and difficulty in nasal breathing. They slowly begin their action, and the greatest effect is achieved after a while, so use them quite a long time. They are available in the form of nasal sprays. In severe cases, short courses of applied systemic corticosteroids, such as prednisone, methylprednisolone.

Often used in the treatment and decongestants in the form of nose drops, but they only have a short time to improve the condition and long-term use, on the contrary, aggravate the disease.

All medications are prescribed by the attending physician based on the disease.

Sometimes it may require surgical intervention. Surgical methods can be applied according to the indications in such cases as:

  • the curvature of the nasal septum; the presence of ridges, spikes that contribute to disturbance and disorder of respiration;
  • the increase in size of the turbinates (hyperplasia);
  • the presence of polyps and purulent processes;
  • chronic runny nose.

Surgeries are not performed at the acute stage of the disease. Beforeoperation over several days is a non-specific desensitization, and in the postoperative period prescribe corticosteroid therapy.

There are other types of therapy for the treatment of allergic vasomotor rhinitis, such as photodynamic therapy, laser therapy, organotherapy, cryotherapy, physical therapy, which is currently applied with success.

Good effect gives the patient stay in the salt mines. They create a special microclimate: the purified air containing particles of salt, which interacts with the nasal mucosa in a special way. They help to thin mucus and restore the ciliary epithelium, due to this, allergens and other pathogens are removed from the respiratory tract. Moreover, the course of the salt treatment can now be held in specially equipped classrooms.