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What is allergic rhinitis in children?

Every parent needs to know why allergic rhinitis in children. So, it should be said that the treatment of this disease is due to the reason of its appearance, as well as therapy is different from other diseases of the nasopharynx. Whatever it was, at the first symptoms, the child should be seen by a specialist who will determine an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

problema allergicheskogo rinita u detej

Rhinitis: description and causes

By itself, the rhinitis is the most common disease of the upper respiratory tract. As a rule, due to hypothermia, which is the result of violations of protective functions of the organism and activation of the pathogenic environment in the nose and mouth.

pylca rastenij - prichina allergicheskogo rinitaIf we talk about allergic rhinitis, it is important to say that this rhinitis is caused by inflammation of the nasal mucosa, which was triggered by an allergic reaction. A runny nose is always manifested clear nasal discharge, itching sensation in nose, shortness of breath.

The signs of allergic rhinitis in children up to 3 years may occur very rarely, however, as soon as children start going to kindergarten or school, the symptoms of disturbed more often. About 6 years with allergic rhinitis is one of the most common diseases that are associated with allergic manifestations: thus, about 70% of cases of illnesses falls exactly on allergic rhinitis. In some cases, parents do not pay attention to the problem, although it is quite serious.

Causes of allergic rhinitis in children has not been fully determined. In the predominant part of the cases, the precipitating factor be allergic reactions that develop from the first months of the child. The skin may appear rash, itching, eczema develops. These symptoms will tell you about the early development of the allergic diathesis. Already 2-3 years of age, begins to make itself felt on allergic rhinitis. This may indicate that in infancy the disease the child was cured incorrectly or not completely.

allergicheskij rinit kak reakciya na sherst domashnih zhivotnyhAllergies can be a consequence of the high sensitivity to external stimuli. Allergic reactions can cause breathing in flowers and plants. Such reactions manifest by runny nose. The risk of rhinitis that in the absence of timely treatment methods the child can begin to develop a different and more serious illness - bronchialasthma.

So, the root causes of rhinitis can be the following:

  1. The pollen of plants, their oils in different media and cosmetics.
  2. Household dust. The composition of such dust may be components that trigger allergies: materials and construction, the substances of household chemicals, dust mite etc.
  3. Different fungi. Among them also secrete mold that plagues the walls of the houses, which are almost not ventilated. Colds can occur due to fungi that damage plants.
  4. Pet dander, particles of their feces, uneaten food.
  5. Vasoconstrictor nose drops.
  6. Diseases of the respiratory organs.

Rhinitis of allergic origin may be seasonal if the Allergy was triggered by plant pollen, or year-round if the root cause was household dust. In that situation, when microbes were the result of a cold, which leads to diseases of the organs of the respiratory system, diagnosis and treatment are difficult.

Symptoms of allergic rhinitis

pristupy chihaniya pri allergicheskom rinite

  1. Sneezing. Sometimes it will be flagged as attacks.
  2. Runny nose (clear, watery). When attached re-infection, the discharge may be mucopurulent.
  3. The presence of itching in the nose.
  4. Nose breathing difficulty, it becomes less. Shortness of breath usually happens in severe forms of the disease. Night may experience nasal congestion.

The patient during of allergic rhinitis and different appearance.

The face may swell, nose breathing becomes difficult because the victim is breathing almost all the time mouth. Eyes blush, sometimes there is tearing. In some cases, patients with rhinitis dark circles under the eyes.

For the first time this type of rhinitis may occur in childhood. Often among the relatives of the patient too runny you can find people allergic ailments.

The rhinitis of this type is divided into light, medium and heavy. This classification is due to the force of the manifestation of disease symptoms. When signs are not able to reduce performance, not interfere with the normal sleep, it is the manifestation of the light stage of the disease. When daytime activity is gradually reduced, and the sleep is getting worse, then it is the average degree of rhinitis. In severe stages of the disease the symptoms become pronounced.

priem antigistaminnyh preparatov dlya ustraneniya simptomov allergiiWhen the patient takes antihistamines, there comes a temporary reduction of symptoms. Often the signs of allergic rhinitiscan occur together with symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis, in some cases, they appear in front of bronchial asthma.

The same signs (with the exception of only some of the nuances) can occur in any type of rhinitis (there are about ten: hormonal, infectious, psychogenic, professional, medical, etc.). Each kind of disease will require the appropriate individual treatment. Because only a specialist can carry out a correct and accurate diagnosis.

Diagnosis and treatment

Before curing the child has rhinitis, it is important to establish the cause of the Allergy.

Then it is imperative to seek medical assistance where a doctor will prescribe the necessary measures. Diagnostics will include the following measures:

  1. Analysis of blood and urine.
  2. The study of life history.
  3. Rhinoscopy.
  4. X-rays of the sinuses.
  5. Allergy tests (it is important to determine the nature of the allergen).

analiz krovi dlya diagnostiki zabolevaniyaTypically, doctors divide treatment into two types: symptomatic and allergen-specific. The first type of therapy involves administration of special drugs that help to alleviate the occurrence of symptoms. Prescribed medications eliminate the maximum pronounced symptoms. Usually among the drugs administered vasoconstrictor drugs.

Among them, the most effective are Xylometazoline, Naphazoline. But it is important to note that the use of such funds should not be long as the rhinitis may go into medical type. Often in the treatment of allergies used use short courses of vasoconstrictor. This method gives you the opportunity to briefly alleviate signs of the disease during the maximum Allergy symptoms, and even increase the effectiveness of other used antihistamines in.

When the allergen-specific treatment, its task is to make the body's response to the provocateur in the least sharp or completely eliminate it. This approach to therapy is especially important if the case of allergies is very complex, and it is accompanied by severe manifestations. When such treatment is commonly used antihistamines, medication immunotherapy, corticosteroids.

Thanks to antihistamine drugs dull the reaction to the allergen, resulting symptoms sufficiently reduced. Antihistamines come in pill form or in the form of sprays for the nose. Today, doctors believe that the most useful can be claritin, Zyrtec.

Among the corticosteroids, frequently prescribed Fluticasone, Beclomethasone, but their admission isonly in severe allergies. The treatment lasts up to a month.

Treatment of folk remedies in allergic rhinitis in children is not useful. Because traditional medicine is the most effective and correct decision. However, you must remember that only a qualified physician can prescribe drugs and medicines.